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Weddell seals grind their teeth on holes in the ice to keep them open to their comings and goings between ocean and air.
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Weddell Seal in Antarctic Water

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Snow petrels hunt in Antarctic sea ice, feeding on krill and fish.
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Snow Petrel

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The Antarctic minke whale is the only baleen whale found in the icy waters of the Antarctic.
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Antarctic Minke Whale

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Emperor penguins are the largest of the penguin species and can grow to be 100 pounds.
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Emperor Penguins on the Ice

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A small Adélie penguin hops on a piece of ice.
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Adélie Penguin Jumping Out of the Water

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Antarctica is almost entirely covered by ice sheets up to two miles (3 km) thick, which contain roughly 70% of the world’s freshwater.
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Ross Sea Ice Shelf

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Every year as the sun disappears for the winter, the surface waters around Antarctica freeze into a slab of ice 10-feet thick, which effectively doubles the size of the continent.
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Antarctic Pack Ice

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Looking through this iceberg's reflection in the Antarctic water, you can see the iceberg below the surface—some 90% of its total volume.
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Blue-Green Antarctic Glacier

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A marine biologist measures the temperature of an ice core.
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Measuring Ice Core Temperatures

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A team of scientists explore the Arctic ocean.
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The Hidden Ocean

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A summertime channel carries melted ice to the sea. Antarctica and Greenland lose around 350 billion tons of ice each year from such melting.
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Ice Melt at the Poles

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Human activity is increasing in the Arctic marine environment due to climate change. To help the most vulnerable areas, the Global Marine Program of IUCN, along with partners, is convening a series of workshops aimed at enhancing ecosystem-based management and identifying biologically or ecologically important or vulnerable habitats. Burgerbukta, a bay in Svalbard, Norway, is being managed for ecosystem protection.
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The Sant Ocean Hall: Life at the Poles Exhibit

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